[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":719},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/en-us/blog/using-the-gitlab-ci-slash-cd-for-smart-home-configuration-management/":3,"navigation-en-us":35,"banner-en-us":464,"footer-en-us":481,"Mario de la Ossa":691,"next-steps-en-us":704},{"_path":4,"_dir":5,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"seo":8,"content":16,"config":25,"_id":28,"_type":29,"title":30,"_source":31,"_file":32,"_stem":33,"_extension":34},"/en-us/blog/using-the-gitlab-ci-slash-cd-for-smart-home-configuration-management","blog",false,"",{"title":9,"description":10,"ogTitle":9,"ogDescription":10,"noIndex":6,"ogImage":11,"ogUrl":12,"ogSiteName":13,"ogType":14,"canonicalUrls":12,"schema":15},"How to simplify your smart home configuration with GitLab CI/CD","How to use GitLab pipelines to automatically test and deploy new home-assistant configurations, wherever you are.","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749678717/Blog/Hero%20Images/ci-smart-home-configuration.jpg","https://about.gitlab.com/blog/using-the-gitlab-ci-slash-cd-for-smart-home-configuration-management","https://about.gitlab.com","article","\n                        {\n        \"@context\": \"https://schema.org\",\n        \"@type\": \"Article\",\n        \"headline\": \"How to simplify your smart home configuration with GitLab CI/CD\",\n        \"author\": [{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Mario de la Ossa\"}],\n        \"datePublished\": \"2018-08-02\",\n      }",{"title":9,"description":10,"authors":17,"heroImage":11,"date":19,"body":20,"category":21,"tags":22},[18],"Mario de la Ossa","2018-08-02","So you've read all about the [Internet of\nThings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_things) and all the cool\nstuff you can do with it – from setting up timers for your lights to [making\nyour breakfast](/blog/introducing-auto-breakfast-from-gitlab/) – and now\nyou're itching to get started? Great!\n\n\nIf you're a power user, you've probably settled on using [Home\nAssistant](https://www.home-assistant.io/) as your smart home hub, but this\nchoice has a few pitfalls:\n\n\n- It's annoying to SSH into the server itself to change configuration.\nWouldn't you like to use your favorite local editor instead?\n\n- How do you keep your configuration backed up?\n\n- How do you protect yourself from accidentally messing up the\nconfiguration?\n\n\nIn this guide we'll show you how to fix these annoyances yourself, thanks to\nGit and the power of [GitLab\nPipelines](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/pipelines/index.html)! We will set\nup a pipeline that will check your home-assistant configuration and deploy\nit to your home-assistant install, giving you the power to deploy changes\nfrom anywhere in the world with a simple `git push`!\n\nDid you go on vacation and forget you wanted your lights to [turn on and off\nrandomly to make it seem like someone's\nhome](https://community.home-assistant.io/t/set-random-time-for-random-automatic-turning-off-lights-mimic-someone-is-home/3524)?\nNo worries! Just open GitLab's [Web\nIDE](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/web_ide/) and make your changes\nfrom your hotel room.\n\n\nBy the end of this tutorial you'll have:\n\n\n- Automatic configuration backups thanks to `git`. You'll be able to see the\nhistory of every change you've made and revert changes easily.\n\n- Automatic configuration testing via GitLab pipelines. Never again will a\nsimple typo have you scratching your head, wondering why things don't work!\n\n- An easy way to push changes to your Home Assistant configuration without\nhaving to SSH into the server.\n\n\n## Requirements\n\n\nIn this guide we'll be assuming a few things:\n\n\n- You installed Home Assistant using the Docker image\n\n- The server Home Assistant runs in is accessible from the internet via SSH\n(or you're using a self-managed GitLab installation in the same network)\n\n\n## Set up your server\n\n\n1.   Navigate to your Home Assistant configuration folder.\n\n1.   Create a new file called `.gitignore` with the following content:\n\n     ```\n     *.db\n     *.log\n     ```\n\n1.   Initialize the Git repo\n\n     ```bash\n     git init\n     git add .\n     git commit -m 'Initial commit'\n     ```\n1.   [Create a new GitLab project](https://gitlab.com/projects/new) and push\nto it\n\n     ```bash\n     git remote add origin YOUR_PROJECT_HERE\n     git push -u origin master\n     ```\n\nWith this you now have a backup of your Home Assistant configuration. Let's\nnow set up the GitLab pipeline!\n\n\n## Setting up the pipeline\n\n\nWe have a few goals for the [CI/CD pipeline](/topics/ci-cd/):\n\n- Test the new configuration to ensure it's valid\n\n- Deploy the new configuration to the Home Assistant server\n\n- Bonus: Notify us of a successful deployment, since the default is to only\nnotify for failures\n\n\n[The complete `.gitlab-ci.yml` can be found\nhere.](https://gitlab.com/mdelaossa/hass-via-cicd/blob/master/.gitlab-ci.yml)\n\n{: .note}\n\n[General documentation for how to configure jobs can be found\nhere.](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/)\n\n{: .note}\n\n\nWe will be using the following stages in our pipeline:\n\n- test: Will test the Home Assistant configuration to ensure it is valid\n\n- deploy: Will update the Home Assistant configuration in the server and\nrestart Home Assistant\n\n- notify: Will send a push notification with success/failure state\n\n\nSince these aren't default pipeline stages we need to declare them in our\n`.gitlab-ci.yml` like so:\n\n\n```yaml\n\nstages:\n  - test\n  - deploy\n  - notify\n```\n\n\n### Automating configuration testing\n\n\nSince GitLab CI/CD [supports Docker\nimages](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/docker/using_docker_images.html) and\nHome Assistant is available as a Docker image, this is a fairly\nstraightforward stage to add.\n\n\nAdd this to your `.gitlab-ci.yml` file:\n\n\n```yaml\n\ntest:\n  stage: test\n  image: homeassistant/amd64-homeassistant\n  script:\n    - hass --script check_config -c .\n```\n\n\nWith this we are creating a job called `test` which will run in the `test`\nstage. We're using the `homeassistant/amd64-homeassistant` image because it\nexposes the `hass` command globally so we can use the built-in configuration\nchecking command on our committed files. That's it!\n\n\nFeel free to commit and push this change to test it out!\n\n\n```bash\n\ngit add .\n\ngit commit -m 'Added testing stage to GitLab pipeline'\n\ngit push\n\n```\n\n\nYou'll now see that a pipeline gets created whenever you push:\n\n\n![HASS Test pipeline\nsuccess](https://about.gitlab.com/images/blogimages/hass-cicd/pipeline-pass-1.png){:\n.shadow.center.large}\n\n\nIf your configuration contains any errors, they'll be shown in the `Failed\nJobs` view of the pipeline and you'll get an email notifying you of the\nfailure:\n\n\n![HASS Test pipeline\nfailure](https://about.gitlab.com/images/blogimages/hass-cicd/pipeline-fail-1.png){:\n.shadow.center.large}\n\n\n### Automating deployments\n\n\nNow that we have automated testing, let's add another stage that will deploy\nour new configuration if the tests pass!\n\n\n\"Deploying\" in this case will consist of:\n\n- SSHing into the server\n\n- Doing a `git pull` to pull down changes from the repo\n\n- Restart the Home Assistant Docker image\n\n\n#### Preparing the server (and GitLab) for SSH access\n\n\nSince we will be using SSH we need to prepare our server first. We'll follow\n[these instructions from the GitLab\ndocumentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/ssh_keys/).\n\nWe will also set some [CI/CD\nVariables](https://gitlab.com/help/ci/variables/README#variables).\n\n\n1.   Generate a new SSH key pair. It's OK to save them to the current folder\nas you'll delete them later anyway.\n\n     ```bash\n     ssh-keygen -t rsa -C \"hass-deploy\" -b 4096\n     ```\n\n1.   On the server that runs Home Assistant, save the contents of the public\nkey (the file ending in `.pub`) to\n`/home/user_running_hass/.ssh/authorized_keys`\n\n1.   Go to your GitLab project's CI/CD variables (inside Settings). Add the\ncontents of the private key file to a variable named `SSH_PRIVATE_KEY`. You\ncan now delete the SSH key pair files if you'd like, or store them somewhere\nsafe.\n\n\nWe also need to add our server's host keys to the GitLab runner so the\nrunner will be able to SSH successfully. Alternatively we could disable host\nkey checking, but this is not recommended.\n\n\n1.   On your server, run `ssh-keyscan example.com` where example.com is the\ndomain or IP of your server.\n\n1.   Create a new CI/CD variable called `SSH_KNOWN_HOSTS` and add the output\nof `ssh-keyscan` to it.\n\n\nYou should also create two other CI/CD variables (optional):\n\n- `DEPLOY_USER`: the user running HASS that the runner with SSH into the\nserver as to perform the deploy\n\n- `DEPLOY_HOST`: the domain or IP of the server\n\n\n#### The deploy stage\n\n\nNow that we have prepared our server and GitLab CI/CD variables, we can add\nour deploy stage to `.gitlab-ci.yml`. Please note that we are using the\n`only: ` keyword so that only new commits in the `master` branch will\nattempt a deploy.\n\n\n```yaml\n\ndeploy:\n  stage: deploy\n  only:\n    - master\n  before_script:\n    - 'which ssh-agent || ( apt-get update -y && apt-get install openssh-client -y )'\n    - eval $(ssh-agent -s)\n    - echo \"$SSH_PRIVATE_KEY\" | tr -d '\\r' | ssh-add - > /dev/null\n    - mkdir -p ~/.ssh\n    - chmod 700 ~/.ssh\n    - echo \"$SSH_KNOWN_HOSTS\" > ~/.ssh/known_hosts\n    - chmod 644 ~/.ssh/known_hosts\n  script:\n    - ssh $DEPLOY_USER@$DEPLOY_HOST \"cd '$DEPLOY_PATH'; git pull; docker restart home-assistant\"\n```\n\n\nThe `before_script` above is in charge of:\n\n- Making sure `ssh-agent` is installed and installing it otherwise\n\n- Making sure `ssh-agent` is running\n\n- Adding the `SSH_PRIVATE_KEY` to the keys to use when logging into a server\n\n- Creating the `.ssh` folder with required permissions\n\n- Adding the values we added to the `SSH_KNOWN_HOSTS` variable to the proper\nlocation\n\n\nThe `script` portion is what actually deploys our new configuration:\n\n- We `cd` into the proper location (where the Home Assistant configuration\nfiles are kept)\n\n- We update the configuration with a `git pull`, since this directory is a\nGit repo\n\n- We restart Home Assistant (in this case the Docker image was created with\nthe name `home-assistant`. Please use the name of your container)\n\n\nNote: If you did not create `DEPLOY_USER` and `DEPLOY_HOST` variables on\nGitLab, please replace the proper values in the script\n\n{: .note}\n\n\nNow let's commit and push this new stage to GitLab!\n\n```bash\n\ngit add .\n\ngit commit -m 'Added deploy stage to GitLab pipeline'\n\ngit push\n\n```\n\n\nWith this new stage added, you can now edit your configuration from anywhere\n(including the GitLab Web IDE!) and be confident that these changes will be\npushed to your Home Assistant server if there are no issues with the\nconfiguration.\n\nThere's no longer a need to figure out how to connect directly to your Home\nAssistant server to make the edits you need.\n\n\n### Bonus: Successful deployment notifications\n\n\nYou'll notice that if the configuration is wrong or an error occurs during\nthe deployment, you will get an email notification, but what about when\neverything runs successfully?\n\n\nWe have two options:\n\n\n1. Enable the `Pipeline Emails` integration and set it to notify on every\npipeline\n\n2. Add a new stage called `notify` and use it to send push notifications to\nyour phone\n\n\nWhile email is really nice, there's something really satisfying about\ngetting push notification for your services, so let's set things up using\n[Pushover](https://pushover.net/).\n\nYou'll need to create an 'Application' and add the token you get to a GitLab\nvariable called `PUSHOVER_API_TOKEN`. You'll also need to add your user key\nto a variable called `PUSHOVER_USER_TOKEN`.\n\n\nSince we'd like a different notification depending on whether our pipeline\npassed or failed, we will be adding two jobs to the `notify` stage:\n\n\n```yaml\n\nnotify_success:\n  stage: notify\n  allow_failure: true\n  only:\n    - master\n  script:\n    - curl -s --form-string \"token=$PUSHOVER_API_TOKEN\" --form-string \"user=$PUSHOVER_USER_TOKEN\" --form-string \"message=New Hass config deployed successfully!\" https://api.pushover.net/1/messages.json\n\nnotify_fail:\n  stage: notify\n  allow_failure: true\n  only:\n    - master\n  when: on_failure\n  script:\n    - curl -s --form-string \"token=$PUSHOVER_API_TOKEN\" --form-string \"user=$PUSHOVER_USER_TOKEN\" --form-string \"message=New Hass config failed. Please check for errors\" https://api.pushover.net/1/messages.json\n```\n\n\nOur first job, `notify_success`, runs when the stage before it (`deploy`)\ncompletes successfully. This is the default for GitLab. Our `notify_fail`\njob on the other hand has `when: on_failure` set, which means it will _only_\nrun when the stage before it fails. We also set `allow_failure: true` on\nboth these jobs so that we aren't notified of a failed pipeline if for some\nreason the notification commands fail. We also set the `only: - master`\noption since deploys only happen on the master branch.\n\n\nWe are using Pushover's API to send the message we want in the `script`\narea.\n\n\nWith this final stage in place, your pipeline should now look like this:\n\n\n![HASS pipeline\noverview](https://about.gitlab.com/images/blogimages/hass-cicd/pipeline-final-1.png){:\n.shadow.center.large}\n\n\n### Enjoy!\n\n\nThere you have it! Now you can edit your Home Assistant configuration from\nanywhere you'd like, using your favorite editor, by following three simple\nsteps:\n\n\n1. `git clone PATH_TO_REPO` (if you have not cloned it before)\n\n2. 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